Jacob, with his twelve sons, was clearly a dysfunctional family. The oldest son, Reuben, slept with his father’s concubine. This resulted in his losing his rights as the first-born son (I Chron 5:1). The next two oldest, Simeon and Levi, massacred the entire city of Shechem, resulting in the family becoming so unwelcome in the area that they had to move. Because of these events, the fourth-born son, Judah, would have been assumed to have been most likely to receive the birthright and the blessing normally given to the firstborn son. Then, Jacob gives a very special robe to Joseph, the 11th born. This robe plainly communicated status to the rest of the family and caused much jealousy among the brothers. And let’s not forget, Joseph began to have dreams about his brothers and his parents bowing down to him and the jealousy soared.
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